Bacterial immunotherapy

MV130 Literature

Preclinical studies

  1. Cirauqui C, Benito-Villalvilla C, Sanchez-Ramon S, Sirvent S, Diez-Rivero CM, Conejero L, et al. Human dendritic cells activated with MV130 induce Th1, Th17 and IL-10 responses via RIPK2 and MyD88 signalling pathways. European journal of immunology. 2018;48(1):180-93.
  1. Molero-Abraham M, Sanchez-Trincado JL, Gomez-Perosanz M, Torres-Gomez A, Subiza JL, Lafuente EM, et al. Human Oral Epithelial Cells Impair Bacteria-Mediated Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Render T Cells Unresponsive to Stimulation. Frontiers in immunology. 2019;10:1434.
  1. Vazquez A, Fernandez-Sevilla LM, Jimenez E, Perez-Cabrera D, Yanez R, Subiza JL, et al. Involvement of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Oral Mucosal Bacterial Immunotherapy. Frontiers in immunology. 2020;11:567391.
  1. Del Fresno C, Garcia-Arriaza J, Martinez-Cano S, Heras-Murillo I, Jarit-Cabanillas A, Amores-Iniesta J, et al. The Bacterial Mucosal Immunotherapy MV130 Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Improves COVID-19 Vaccines Immunogenicity. Frontiers in immunology. 2021;12:748103.
  1. Brandi P, Conejero L, Cueto FJ, Martinez-Cano S, Dunphy G, Gomez MJ, et al. Trained immunity induction by the inactivated mucosal vaccine MV130 protects against experimental viral respiratory infections. Cell Rep. 2022;38(1):110184.
  1. Bodas-Pinedo A, Lafuente EM, Pelaez-Prestel H, Ras Carmona Á, Subiza JL, Reche PA. Combining different bacteria in vaccine formulations enhances the chance for antiviral cross-reactive immunity: a detailed in silico analysis for influenza A virus. Frontiers in immunology. 2023;14:1235053.
  1. Jiménez E, Vázquez A, González S, Sacedón R, Fernández-Sevilla LM, Varas A, et al. Mucosal Bacterial Immunotherapy Attenuates the Development of Experimental Colitis by Reducing Inflammation Through the Regulation of Myeloid Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024;25(24):13629.
  1. Sevilla-Ortega C, Angelina A, Martín-Cruz L, Pérez-Diego M, Maldonado A, Lavín B, et al. A mucosal vaccine prevents eosinophilic allergic airway inflammation by modulating immune responses to allergens in a murine model of airway disease. Nat Commun. 2025;16(1):7129.

Clinical studies

  1. Alecsandru D, Valor L, Sanchez-Ramon S, Gil J, Carbone J, Navarro J, et al. Sublingual therapeutic immunization with a polyvalent bacterial preparation in patients with recurrent respiratory infections: immunomodulatory effect on antigen-specific memory CD4+ T cells and impact on clinical outcome. Clinical and experimental immunology. 2011;164(1):100-7.
  1. Garcia Gonzalez LA, Arrutia F. Mucosal bacterial immunotherapy with MV130 highly reduces the need of tonsillectomy in adults with recurrent tonsillitis. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. 2019.
  1. Guevara-Hoyer K, Saz-Leal P, Diez-Rivero CM, Ochoa-Grullon J, Fernandez-Arquero M, Perez de Diego R, et al. Trained Immunity Based-Vaccines as a Prophylactic Strategy in Common Variable Immunodeficiency. A Proof of Concept Study. Biomedicines. 2020;8(7).
  1. Carbone J, di Natale M, Salcedo M, Romero M, Laporta R, Carreño M, et al. Mucosal Bacterial Immunotherapy in solid organ recipients with recurrent respiratory tract infections: Case Report. Transplantation Case Report. 2020.
  1. Ochoa-Grullon J, Benavente Cuesta C, Gonzalez Fernandez A, Cordero Torres G, Perez Lopez C, Pena Cortijo A, et al. Trained Immunity-Based Vaccine in B Cell Hematological Malignancies With Recurrent Infections: A New Therapeutic Approach. Frontiers in immunology. 2021;11:611566.
  1. Nieto A, Mazon A, Nieto M, Calderon R, Calaforra S, Selva B, et al. Bacterial Mucosal Immunotherapy with MV130 Prevents Recurrent Wheezing in Children: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2021;204(4):462-72.
  1. Sanchez-Ramon S, Fernandez-Paredes L, Saz-Leal P, Diez-Rivero CM, Ochoa-Grullon J, Morado C, et al. Sublingual Bacterial Vaccination Reduces Recurrent Infections in Patients With Autoimmune Diseases Under Immunosuppressant Treatment. Frontiers in immunology. 2021;12:675735.
  1. Pérez-Sancristóbal I, de la Fuente E, Álvarez-Hernández MP, Guevara-Hoyer K, Morado C, Martínez-Prada C, et al. Long-Term Benefit of Perlingual Polybacterial Vaccines in Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases and Active Immunosuppression. Biomedicines. 2023;11(4):1168.
  1. Montalban-Hernandez K, Cogollo-Garcia A, Giron de Velasco-Sada P, Caballero R, Casanovas M, Subiza JL, et al. MV130 in the Prevention of Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections: A Retrospective Real-World Study in Children and Adults. Vaccines (Basel). 2024;12(2).
  1. Ndaferankhande J, Conejero Hall L, Dula D, Chirwa A, Nsoma E, Toto N, et al. The influence of MV130 immunotherapy on Nasal Colonisation in a Controlled Human Infection Model of Pneumococcal Carriage in Malawi. Wellcome Open Research. 2025;10;479.
  1. Kotecha SJ, Lowe J, Gillespie D, Perez-Alijas M, Aboklaish AF, Mahachi TL, et al. Randomised, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled, trial of Bactek for the prevention of lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants in the UK: BALLOON study – study protocol. BMJ Open. 2026;16(3):e107929.
  1. Ndaferankhande J, Jambo KC, Chikaonda T, Tembo G, Conejero L, Henrion MYR, et al. Whole cell inactivated poly-bacterial preparation MV130 effect on nasal mucosal immunity and experimental human pneumococcal carriage… EBioMedicine. 2026;131:106443.

Reviews

  1. Sanchez-Ramon S, Conejero L, Netea MG, Sancho D, Palomares O, Subiza JL. Trained Immunity-Based Vaccines: A New Paradigm for the Development of Broad-Spectrum Anti-infectious Formulations. Frontiers in immunology. 2018;9:2936.
  1. de Boer GM, Zolkiewicz J, Strzelec KP, Ruszczynski M, Hendriks RW, Braunstahl GJ, et al. Bacterial lysate therapy for the prevention of wheezing episodes and asthma exacerbations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir Rev. 2020;29(158).
  1. Subiza JL, Palomares O, Quinti I, Sánchez-Ramón S. Trained Immunity-Based Vaccines. Frontiers Media SA; 2021. p. 716296.
  1. Conejero L, Saz-Leal P, Subiza JL. Trained Immunity-Based Vaccines: A Ready-to-Act Strategy to Tackle Viral Outbreaks. In: Claborn D, editor. Viral Outbreaks: INtechOpen; 2021.
  1. Nieto A, Nieto M, Conejero L, Subiza JL. Do bacterial vaccines/adjuvants prevent wheezing episodes in children? Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology. 2022;22(6):7.
  1. Martin-Cruz L, Benito-Villalvilla C, Angelina A, Subiza JL, Palomares O. Trained immunity-based vaccines for infections and allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2024;154(5):1085-94.
  1. Candelas G, Villegas Á, Sánchez-Ramón S. Mucosal trained immunity-based vaccines: Cutting recurrent infections in autoimmune patients on immunosuppression. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2024;154(5):1120-2.
  1. Herrera García JC, Arizpe Bravo AB, Hernandez Treviño V, Sanchez S, Landa Alvarado PD, Carrasco Castillo A, et al. Mexican Delphi Consensus For Use Immunotherapy With MV130 Vaccine In Patients With Recurrent Respiratory Infectious Diseases (Expert Panel). IOSR-JDMS. 2024;23(9 Ser. 5):62-6.
  1. Minute L, Montalban-Hernandez K, Bravo-Robles L, Conejero L, Iborra S, Del Fresno C. Trained immunity-based mucosal immunotherapies for the prevention of respiratory infections. Trends in immunology. 2025;46(4):270-83.